reine victoria successeur

[149] She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Church of Scotland than the episcopal Church of England. Henry Cavill sera-t-il le prochain James Bond ? [44] She hated Conroy, and despised "that odious Lady Flora",[45] because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System. Elle est devenue la première souveraine à s'installer au palais de Buckingham et a hérité des revenus des duchés de Lancastre et de Cornouailles ainsi qu'une allocation de liste civile de 385 000 £ par an. Les écussons , devises et supporters diffèrent également en Écosse et en dehors. Au cours des quatre années suivantes, plus d'un million d'Irlandais sont morts et un autre million ont émigré dans ce qui est devenu la Grande Famine . Victoria était au courant des divers plans matrimoniaux et a évalué d'un œil critique un défilé de princes éligibles. Vous avez entré une adresse email incorrecte! [57] They were married on 10 February 1840, in the Chapel Royal of St James's Palace, London. [87] When Louis Philippe made a reciprocal trip in 1844, he became the first French king to visit a British sovereign. Son éthique stricte et sa personnalité sont devenues synonymes de l’époque. Pour soulager sa femme pendant son chagrin intense et profond, Albert a assumé la plupart de ses fonctions, bien qu'il soit lui-même malade avec des maux d'estomac chroniques. [6] King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 he declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided. Il était «le plus cher de mes chers fils», déplorait-elle. At first, the British public didn’t warm up to the German prince and he was excluded from holding any official political position. [173] Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury. After both the Duke and his father died in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy. The Kultur- and Genusshotel is open all year round. Au début de 1884, Victoria publia More Leaves from a Journal of a Life in the Highlands , une suite de son livre précédent, qu'elle dédia à son «assistant personnel dévoué et ami fidèle John Brown». She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. [9] The system prevented the princess from meeting people whom her mother and Conroy deemed undesirable (including most of her father's family), and was designed to render her weak and dependent upon them. [155] Disraeli's expansionist foreign policy, which Victoria endorsed, led to conflicts such as the Anglo-Zulu War and the Second Anglo-Afghan War. George VI served as king of the United Kingdom during World War II and was an important symbolic leader. In March 1861, Victoria's mother died, with Victoria at her side. [52], Though Victoria was now queen, as an unmarried young woman she was required by social convention to live with her mother, despite their differences over the Kensington System and her mother's continued reliance on Conroy. Le 23 septembre 1896, Victoria surpassa son grand-père George III en tant que monarque régnant le plus longtemps dans l'histoire britannique . Elle préférait des services courts et simples et se considérait personnellement plus alignée sur l' Église presbytérienne d'Écosse que sur l' Église épiscopale d'Angleterre . Victoria a été frappée d'amour. La Croix de Victoria a été introduite en 1856 pour récompenser les actes de bravoure pendant la guerre de Crimée , et elle demeure la plus haute distinction britannique, canadienne , australienne et néo-zélandaise pour la bravoure. He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Son animal de compagnie préféré , Poméranie , Turi, a été déposé sur son lit de mort comme une dernière demande. La maison de Victoria était en grande partie dirigée par sa gouvernante d'enfance, la baronne Louise Lehzen de Hanovre . Elle a été baptisée Alexandrina après l'un de ses parrains, l'empereur Alexandre Ier de Russie , et Victoria , après sa mère. En 1846, le ministère de Peel faisait face à une crise impliquant l'abrogation des lois sur le maïs . Depuis 1714, la Grande - Bretagne partageait un monarque avec Hanovre en Allemagne, mais sous la loi salique, les femmes étaient exclues de la succession hanovrienne. [214] Despite this destruction, much of the diaries still exist. La reine a chargé un conservateur, Sir Robert Peel , de former un nouveau ministère. D'après son journal, elle appréciait la compagnie d'Albert depuis le début. [229] There is no documentary evidence of a haemophiliac in connection with Victoria's mother, and as male carriers always suffer the disease, even if such a man had existed he would have been seriously ill.[230] It is more likely that the mutation arose spontaneously because Victoria's father was over 50 at the time of her conception and haemophilia arises more frequently in the children of older fathers. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. En janvier 1847, elle a personnellement fait don de 2000 £ (soit entre 178000 £ et 6,5 millions £ en 2016) à la British Relief Association , plus que tout autre donateur individuel de secours contre la famine, et a également soutenu la subvention Maynooth à un séminaire catholique en Irlande, malgré l'opposition protestante. 129–132; Weintraub, pp. À l'époque, il était d'usage pour le Premier ministre de nommer des membres de la Maison royale , qui étaient généralement ses alliés politiques et leurs conjoints. At times, their marriage was tempestuous, a clash of wills between two extremely strong personalities. Derrière ses trois oncles et son père, le prince Édouard Auguste, duc de Kent. Victoria [n 1] (née Alexandrina Victoria le 24 mai 1819 au palais de Kensington, à Londres et morte le 22 janvier 1901 à Osborne House sur l'île de Wight) fut reine du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du 20 juin 1837 jusqu'à sa mort. 422–423; St Aubyn, pp. [98][207] Items of jewellery placed on Victoria included the wedding ring of John Brown's mother, given to her by Brown in 1883. Elle s'est opposée au motif de la désapprobation du roi, mais sa mère a rejeté ses plaintes comme motivées par la jalousie et a forcé Victoria à continuer les tournées. Victoria Day is a Canadian statutory holiday and a local public holiday in parts of Scotland celebrated on the last Monday before or on 24 May (Queen Victoria's birthday). She also commissioned several portraits. Pro-Vice-Chancellor, University of Oxford, 1968–80; Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, 1945–80. He is so sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable too. Il y a eu des progrès scientifiques (la théorie de l’évolution de Charles Darwin) et technologiques (le télégraphe et la presse populaire), avec un grand nombre d’inventions, une richesse et une pauvreté énormes, la croissance de grandes villes comme Manchester, Leeds et Birmingham, une alphabétisation accrue et de grandes œuvres civiques, souvent financées par des philanthropes industriels. [218] Only after the release of her diary and letters did the extent of her political influence become known to the wider public. Princess Louise Caroline Alberta (1848-1939) created quite a scandal when she married a commoner, John Douglas Sutherland Campbell (later the Duke of Argyll). En 1870, le sentiment républicain en Grande-Bretagne, nourri par la réclusion de la reine, se renforce après la mise en place de la Troisième République française . Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman". Longford, p. 263; Weintraub, pp. Karim’s relationship with Victoria was uncovered decades later by journalist Shrabani Basu, who visited the queen’s summer home in 2003 and noticed several paintings and a bust of Karim. 422–423, Hibbert, p. 310; Longford, p. 321; St Aubyn, pp. Connue sous le nom de l' époque victorienne , son règne de 63 ans et sept mois était plus long que celui de n'importe lequel de ses prédécesseurs . Peel became prime minister, and the ladies of the bedchamber most associated with the Whigs were replaced. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème Reine victoria, Victoria, Royauté. When she died and her son Edward VII moved from Marlborough House to Buckingham Palace, the change was one of social rather than of political focus; there was no doubt about the monarchy’s continuance. La reine Victoria est décédée le 22 janvier 1901, à l’âge de 81 ans. Parliament voted her the additional title of Empress of India in 1876. Après une dispute furieuse entre Victoria et Albert sur la question, Lehzen a été mis à la retraite en 1842 et la relation étroite de Victoria avec elle a pris fin. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre, Reine du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande, "Victoria Regina" redirige ici. [192] One reason for including the prime ministers of the Dominions and excluding foreign heads of state was to avoid having to invite Victoria's grandson, Wilhelm II of Germany, who, it was feared, might cause trouble at the event. Victoria a noté la coïncidence des dates comme "presque incroyable et la plus mystérieuse". 53–57; St Aubyn, pp. Sept ans son cadet et de nombreux grades en dessous d’elle, la reine a dit que Brown était son ami le plus cher – une relation impensable à l’époque. La première visite de Victoria en Irlande en 1849 a été un succès de relations publiques, mais elle n'a eu aucun impact ou effet durable sur la croissance du nationalisme irlandais. 554–555; St Aubyn, p. 555, Hibbert, pp. She was the last of the house of Hanover and gave her name to an era, the Victorian Age. Ses funérailles ont eu lieu le samedi 2 février, dans la chapelle St George, au château de Windsor , et après deux jours de mensonge. En 1866, Victoria a assisté à l' ouverture officielle du Parlement pour la première fois depuis la mort d'Albert. Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. Les espoirs de Victoria et Albert d'une Allemagne libérale ne se réaliseraient pas, car Wilhelm croyait fermement à l' autocratie . [164], On 17 March 1883, Victoria fell down some stairs at Windsor, which left her lame until July; she never fully recovered and was plagued with rheumatism thereafter. The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides. The celebration was marked by vast crowds of spectators and great outpourings of affection for the 78-year-old Queen. Victoria partageait une chambre avec sa mère tous les soirs, étudiait avec des tuteurs privés selon un horaire régulier et passait ses heures de jeu avec ses poupées et son King Charles Spaniel , Dash . (editor, 1967) ", Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine, Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, longer than that of any of her predecessors, Wedding of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, List of prime ministers of Queen Victoria, Proclamation by the Queen in Council, to the princes, chiefs, and people of India, longest-reigning monarch in British history, modern speculation that her true father was not the Duke of Kent, local public holiday in parts of Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Grand Cross of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa, Royal descendants of Queen Victoria and King Christian IX, Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Saalfeld, Francis Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Saalfeld, Princess Sophia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Saalfeld, Countess Augusta Carolina of Reuss-Ebersdorf, Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh, "Queen Victoria – burdened by grief and six-course dinners", "Victoria and Abdul: The Friendship that Scandalized England", "Queen Elizabeth II to become Britain's longest reigning monarch, surpassing Queen Victoria", "Real orden de damas nobles de la Reina Maria Luisa", "Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos Príncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota", "Great Britain: Queen Victoria's Insignia", "ข่าวรับพระราชสาสน์ พระราชสาสน์จากกษัตริย์ในประเทศยุโรปที่ทรงยินดีในการได้รับพระราชสาสน์จากพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว", The Royal Tourist – Kalakaua's Letters Home from Tokio to London, "The Imperial Orders and Decorations of Ethiopia", "Silver Wedding medal of Duke Alfred of Saxe-Coburg & Grand Duchess Marie", Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway, Charlotte, Princess Royal and Queen of Württemberg, Princess Charlotte, Princess Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Victoria, Princess Royal and German Empress, Princess Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, Princess Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg, Princess Frederica, Baroness von Pawel-Rammingen, Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia, Princess Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Princess Marie Louise, Princess Maximilian of Baden, Alexandra, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood, Princess Sibylla, Duchess of Västerbotten, Princess Caroline Mathilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy, Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi, Charlotte, Princess Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Marie Louise, Princess Maximilian of Baden, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Queen_Victoria&oldid=987961803, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (United Kingdom), People associated with the Royal National College for the Blind, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa, Recipients of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, Recipients of the Order of Saint Catherine, Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Seal of Solomon, Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Takovo, Grand Crosses of the Order of the White Eagle (Serbia), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Dyson, Hope; Tennyson, Charles (editors, 1969), Carter, Sarah; Nugent, Maria Nugent (editors, 2016), Homans, Margaret; Munich, Adrienne (editors, 1997). [184] Abdul Karim remained in her service until he returned to India with a pension, on her death. 259–260; Weintraub, pp. Il n'y a aucune preuve documentaire d'un hémophile en relation avec la mère de Victoria, et comme les hommes porteurs souffrent toujours de la maladie, même si un tel homme avait existé, il aurait été gravement malade. Peel a démissionné en 1846, après que l'abrogation soit passée de justesse, et a été remplacé par Lord John Russell . The rumours were false in the opinion of these biographers. [8] Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called "Kensington System", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John Conroy, who was rumoured to be the Duchess's lover. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victoria-queen-of-United-Kingdom, English Monarchs - Biography of Queen Victoria, The Victorian Web - Biography of Queen Victoria, Maps of World - Map of Victoria, Seychelles, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Queen Victoria, Undiscovered Scotland - Biography of Queen Victoria, The home of the Royal Family - Biography of Victoria, Queen Victoria - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Victoria - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Prince Consort Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathern, Earl of Dublin. 1844), Helena (b. 491–493, Hibbert, pp. En 1830, la duchesse de Kent et Conroy ont emmené Victoria à travers le centre de l'Angleterre pour visiter les collines de Malvern , s'arrêtant dans des villes et de grandes maisons de campagne en cours de route. In-House group lessons. But one thing is clear: She loved him. [182] Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do. 143–144, Hibbert, p. 58; Longford, pp. Albert, cependant, pensait que Lehzen était incompétente et que sa mauvaise gestion menaçait la santé de sa fille. [96] The following year, President Bonaparte was declared Emperor Napoleon III, by which time Russell's administration had been replaced by a short-lived minority government led by Lord Derby. The Queen hated being pregnant,[65] viewed breast-feeding with disgust,[66] and thought newborn babies were ugly. Elle entreprit ses devoirs officiels du gouvernement, mais choisit de rester isolée dans ses résidences royales - le château de Windsor , Osborne House et le domaine privé en Écosse qu'elle et Albert avaient acquis en 1847, le château de Balmoral . [123] She did undertake her official government duties, yet chose to remain secluded in her royal residences—Windsor Castle, Osborne House, and the private estate in Scotland that she and Albert had acquired in 1847, Balmoral Castle. Though a constitutional monarch, privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. Prince Arthur William Patrick (1850-1942), who married Princess Louise Margarete of Prussia.

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